Original Article
Hanif Esmaeili; Morteza Almassi; Mohammad Ghahderijani
Abstract
The increasing trend of agricultural waste, considering population growth and increased agricultural production, has become a serious challenge for many countries. In order to avoid unsustainable changes in the consumption pattern of these resources, it is essential to employ proper planning and suitable ...
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The increasing trend of agricultural waste, considering population growth and increased agricultural production, has become a serious challenge for many countries. In order to avoid unsustainable changes in the consumption pattern of these resources, it is essential to employ proper planning and suitable strategies to prevent long-term damages. To address this issue, this research has prioritized various strategies for energy production from agricultural waste using SWOT analysis. The Analytic Network Process (ANP) algorithm has been utilized to quantify the weights and effects of the strategic factors, considering their interdependencies. The best strategy selection has formed the four-level network of primary and secondary factors in the SWOT matrix and proposed strategies. The algorithm's results indicate that the strength factor holds the highest weight of 0.698, followed by the threat factor with a weight of 0.632 in the second rank, while the weaknesses and opportunities have weights of 0.263 and 0.180, respectively, in subsequent ranks. Furthermore, the evaluation of weight coefficients for the ten proposed strategies reveals that the strategy of developing the cultural infrastructure for bioenergy has the highest weight of 0.1356, followed by the mechanized harvesting of agricultural waste with a weight of 0.1188 in the second rank, and the development of bioenergy exports with a weight of 0.1095 in the third rank.
Original Article
Leila Anbarestani; Morteza Almassi; hossein bakhoda; Mohammad Ghahdarijani
Abstract
The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing strategies for increasing the productivity of agricultural mechanization in wheat production. This research was based on a mixed method and in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. In this research, the integrated approach ...
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The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing strategies for increasing the productivity of agricultural mechanization in wheat production. This research was based on a mixed method and in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. In this research, the integrated approach of SWOT, PESTEL and AHP has been used. First, by using SWOT analysis in the framework of PESTEL, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of wheat production mechanization and strategies to increase the productivity of mechanization of wheat production were identified . Then the process of hierarchical analysis was used to calculate the weight and importance of each of the criteria and strategies. In order to collect data, written sources, interviews and paired comparison matrix questionnaires were used, and the participants in the research were university and organizational experts in the field of agricultural mechanization. The results showed that although mechanization in wheat production has many strengths, the weaknesses are more effective. Also, despite the fact that mechanization has many threats, but the opportunities are more effective. Therefore, the officials should try to make the most of the available opportunities by reducing the weaknesses. As a result, from the expert's point of view, conservative strategies were prioritized in terms of importance. Increasing the technical efficiency, production of suitable technologies for all types of operating systems, improvement and modernization of the system, use of irrigation methods under pressure and create transformation in the process of land preparation , conservative strategies were suggested in this research.
Original Article
Sadegh Afzalinia; Seyed Ebrahim Dehghanian; Khadijeh Alijani; dadgar mohammadi; Seyed Mashaallh Hosseini; Afshar Estakhr; Seiid Mansur Alavimanesh; Mashaallah Zare
Abstract
In this research, effect of tillage and planting methods (planting on permanent raised beds, no-till, and conventional tillage) on soil properties such as bulk density, moisture content, and organic carbon and water consumption, water productivity, and crop yield was evaluated in the form of randomized ...
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In this research, effect of tillage and planting methods (planting on permanent raised beds, no-till, and conventional tillage) on soil properties such as bulk density, moisture content, and organic carbon and water consumption, water productivity, and crop yield was evaluated in the form of randomized complete blocks experimental design with three treatments and six replicates in corn-wheat rotation. Results showed that the raised bed planting had the maximum forage corn (95.33 ton/ha) and wheat yield (7.01 ton/ha) and no-till had the minimum silage corn (87.06 ton/ha) and wheat yield (5.23 ton/ha) which had no significant difference with the conventional tillage. Forage corn consumed the maximum water (9531 m3/ha) in the conventional tillage and the minimum water (8155 m3/ha) in no-till; while, there was no significant difference between treatments from the water productivity point of view. Wheat consumed the maximum water (7177 m3/ha) in raised bed planting, but there was no significant difference between treatments from the stand point of water productivity. Results also showed that conservation tillage methods increased soil moisture content in forage corn planting (around 11%), but had no significant effect on the soil moisture content in wheat planting.
Original Article
Ali Farahmandi; Mojtaba Naderi-Boldaji; Maral Ajamian; Mahdi Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti; Saman Abdanan
Abstract
Sugarcane is an important crop in sugar production in the country widely produced in Khuzestan province. After harvesting the sugarcane in the field and when delivered to the sugar factory, the cane is shredded. In this study, the dielectric spectroscopy technique in the frequency range of 0-100 MHz ...
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Sugarcane is an important crop in sugar production in the country widely produced in Khuzestan province. After harvesting the sugarcane in the field and when delivered to the sugar factory, the cane is shredded. In this study, the dielectric spectroscopy technique in the frequency range of 0-100 MHz was evaluated for measurement of sucrose concentration in shredded cane using a cylindrical parallel-plate sensor with compaction of the shredded cane. Fifty five samples of shredded cane were taken from the sugar production line of Salman Farsi factory during the harvesting season of 2021-2022 and their reference properties including sugar concentration with three indicators of Brix using refractometry method, Pol using simple polarimetry method and the sucrose measured using double polarimetry were measured. The samples were subjected to dielectric spectroscopy using the capacitance sensor and the dielectric spectra were analyzed for sugar concentration prediction. Multivariate regression analyses of partial least-sugare regresseion (PLSR), principal component regression (PCR) and support vector regression were applied for development of prediction models of sugar concentration variables. Validation of the prediction model of PLSR showed a stronger prediction of sucrose (R2= 0.79, RMSE= 0.89, RPD= 2.22) measured using the double-polarimetry as compared to Pol (R2= 0.76, RMSE= 0.8, RPD= 2.07) and Brix (R2= 0.77, RMSE= 0.89, RPD= 2). This result was explained with higher number of OH groups of sucrose molecule as compared to the other sugars existing in the sugarcane juice and the dominant effect of sucrose on the dielectric characteristics of the juice.
Original Article
Javad Ashrafi Varkani; Shiva Gorjian; Barat Ghobadian
Abstract
Concentrators have many functions, one of which is their use in the process of evaporation of liquids. Since high heat is present in concentrator-absorbers, it is possible to develop a heat exchanger system that allows the evaporation of salt water. One of the main components of these systems is the ...
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Concentrators have many functions, one of which is their use in the process of evaporation of liquids. Since high heat is present in concentrator-absorbers, it is possible to develop a heat exchanger system that allows the evaporation of salt water. One of the main components of these systems is the heat absorber, which is located at the focal point. In this research, an attempt was made to study two geometries of annular and hollow absorbers using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. For this purpose, the working fluid was defined based on the properties of seawater in Fluent Ansys software and the creation of geometry and thermal analysis were considered based on the initial and boundary conditions of the system. The results of the validation of the grid quality showed that the use of a tetrahedral grid with square grid order is suitable for the cavity geometry. Due to the dimensional symmetry of the geometry of the ring converter, the use of the simplest grid method leads to a high accuracy of the solver. The thermal analysis of the absorber showed that for the cavity geometry, the heat distribution at the bottom of the geometry is larger than at the top. The results of the Nusselt number change analysis showed the concentration of thermal stress in the liquid outlet region. This stress concentration leads to the shifting of the evaporation process from the inside of the chamber to the transfer tubes.
Original Article
Jalil Taghizadeh-Tameh; Hossein Mousazadeh; Shahin Rafiee; Nazilla Tarabi
Abstract
Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is one of the new imaging techniques, and due to its characteristic such as non-intrusive and non-destructive, it has potential for use in many industries, including biological industries, multiphase flows, medical imaging, agriculture and food industries. One of the ...
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Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is one of the new imaging techniques, and due to its characteristic such as non-intrusive and non-destructive, it has potential for use in many industries, including biological industries, multiphase flows, medical imaging, agriculture and food industries. One of the main parts of magnetic induction tomography system is the inverse problem solution algorithm. In this research, performance comparison of four image reconstruction algorithms in applied current magnetic induction tomography (AC-MIT) system was investigated. This system has two innovative annular electrodes as transmitter sensors and 648 coils as a receiver sensor. In order to evaluate the system performance, 12 combinations of target objects were used and image reconstruction was performed using linear back projection algorithm, Landweber iterative algorithm, Tikhonov regularization method and iterative Gauss-Newton algorithm. Size error (SE) and Relative image error (IE) parameters were used to evaluate the quality of the reconstructed images. The results showed that in all combinations of target objects, the IE values of iterative Gauss-Newton algorithm are lower than other algorithms. The results of size error parameter showed that in all four image reconstruction algorithms; increasing number of target objects increases SE parameter. As a general conclusion, it can be stated that iterative Gauss-Newton algorithm has a better performance compared to other algorithms.
Original Article
Roohollah Yousefi; mohamad younesi
Abstract
Studying the indexes of rice mechanization in each area is important and necessary for the correct selection and optimal use of rice machines and timely agricultural operations. A study has been conducted in Guilan province to determine the current status of rice mechanization and provide mechanization ...
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Studying the indexes of rice mechanization in each area is important and necessary for the correct selection and optimal use of rice machines and timely agricultural operations. A study has been conducted in Guilan province to determine the current status of rice mechanization and provide mechanization solutions in the production stages of this product. Information and data have been collected by completing the questionnaire and by referring to the available statistical sources and field surveys. From the obtained information, the indexes determining the state of mechanization of rice farming have been calculated. The results of this study have been showed that the degree of mechanization of tillage, planting with transplanter, spraying, weeding and harvesting (reaper and combine) is 100%, 72.55%, 23.57%, 4.62% and 84.83% respectively. The highest level of mechanization related to Rudbar city with 9.12 hp/ha and the lowest for Shaft city with 1.75 hp/ha. The lowest economic efficiency has been calculated for Rudbar city with a value of 0.22 and the highest for Shaft city with 1.51 ton/hp. The average of rice mechanization capacity in Guilan province is 404.5 hp.hr/ha. On average in the province there is a tractor for every 27 hectares, a tiller for every 4 hectares, a transplanter for every 30 hectares and a rice harvester for every 60 hectares. Because of the low number of self-propelled machines in the province have compared with the number of operators, the decision-making power of operators in carrying out operations at the right time is low.
